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Sovereignty (in Hobbes's philosophy) [ Political & Moral philosophy / Philosophy ]

… Résumé Thomas Hobbes’ rejection of the social nature of man is the foundation of his philosophy on the origin of State, and provides a … the virtue of obedience. Concepts > Political & Moral philosophy People > Philosophy Mots-clés Civility Friendship Hobbes Sovereignty Violence War The refutation of natural sociability The majority of political treaties, from the age of … advanced capacity to live in society, with reason and its manifestation, language, substituting for brute force. Hobbes departed radically from this philosophical tradition in his interpretation of the civil wars that racked England, …

Laughter [ Communication ]

… kinds of laughter communicated contempt dated back to antiquity, but it was given momentum and prominence by Thomas Hobbes in  Leviathan  (1651). For Hobbes, laughter was triggered by ‘Sudden Glory’: it was the grimacing joy we experience on perceiving ourselves as superior to the object of our laughter – the product of a gratified selfish ego. 10  Hobbes’s account was much debated and disputed by later thinkers – not least Shaftesbury and Hutcheson – but laughter …

Anthony Ashley Cooper, third Earl of Shaftesbury [ Philosophy / Art and Literature / Aristocracy ]

… to transform British society both ethically and politically. Against the self-interested individual theorized by Thomas Hobbes and Locke, Shaftesbury insisted on intrinsic human sociability: 'If Eating and Drinking be natural, Herding is so … philosophical introspection. For the Earl, this mistakenly self-interested understanding of 'virtue' linked Locke and Hobbes to High Church Anglican Tories. Appeals to the fear of God’s punishment led, Shaftesbury claimed, to a distortion … of intellectual oppression and social unrest. Although Shaftesbury was not as outspoken in his criticism of Thomas Hobbes's moral philosophy as secondary literature often makes us believe, his rejection of the Sage of Malmesbury's moral …

Sympathy (in Adam Smith's moral philosophy) [ Feelings & Emotions / Character ]

English Novel [ Literary & Artistic genres ]

… idea promoted through centuries (from Hesiod in the 8 th  century B.C. to Georg Simmel in the 20 th , including Thomas Hobbes, Immanuel Kant and Adam Ferguson) that highlights the constructive role of conflict within the social sphere as …

Republic of Letters [ National & Transnational cultures / Reading & Writing ]

… Franklin’s travels across the Atlantic, Francesco Algarotti’s travels throughout Europe, Voltaire’s time in England, or Hobbes, Descartes, Locke, and the French Huguenots in exile ( Edelstein et al. 407; Daston 372) . Think also of the …