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Politeness [ Taste & Manners / Education ]

… of Shaftesbury (1671-1713), developed politeness into a model of gentlemanly accomplishment and actualization. 4 1 . Lawrence Klein, ‘The Third Earl of Shaftesbury and the Progress of Politeness‘, Eighteenth-Century Studies (vol. 18, n° … Reading, Performance, and Form in the Spectator Papers (Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 1985). 4 . Lawrence Klein, Shaftesbury and the Culture of Politeness: Moral Discourse and Cultural Politics in Early … Partager sur Linkedin Partager sur Twitter Partager par Email Imprimer l'article View PDF Citer cet article KLEIN Lawrence E., "Politeness", Encyclopédie numérique de la sociabilité britannique au cours du long dix-huitième siècle [en …

Gambling [ Games & Sports ]

… and elite gaming particularly, while the Victorian gaming act of 1845 recognised games of skill as legal and outlawed games of chance when played either in public or private for money. The 1664 Act formed a model for subsequent … ​​​​​​ 1 . Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary defines gaming as “to play wantonly and extravagantly for money.” Other laws aimed, with little success, at suppressing the games of faro , basset or hazard (1739) or at preventing taverns and … indulged in gambling behind closed doors. In 1782, a bill was aimed more directly at the game of EO (but never became law). The paradox of gambling lies in the fact that it defined a form of sociability but was denounced as anti-social.   …

Sporting clubs [ Associational culture / Clubs & Societies ]

… its founders and membership being noble and gentlemen cricketers. Above all it became the institution which reviewed the laws of the game; it is now the guardian of these laws. This, of course, as is the case with all sports, did not prevent games being played around the country with … grew throughout England being recorded, according to Bowen, in thirty-one counties by the end of the century. The first Laws were drawn in 1744, and later revised in 1755 at the Star and Garter, in 1774, and in 1786. Some of these revisions …

Public opinion (journalism and communication) [ Social interaction / Communication ]

… 143). Locke paid much attention to the quality of opinions, as Habermas pointed out: Locke ‘could therefore present the Law of Opinion as a category of equal rank beside divine and state law; in the later editions of his Essay Concerning Human Understanding , he stubbornly defended this position'. 4 4 . … Habermas, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere, trans. Thomas Burger (Cambridge: Polity, 1991), p. 91. The Law of Opinion and Reputation aimed at offsetting the ‘virtues and vices’ of private and public lives, especially those …

Joseph Addison [ Art and Literature / Politics ]

… ideological foundations for a ‘culture of politeness’ that would achieve hegemony in the age of Whig oligarchy. 3 2 . Lawrence Klein, ‘Joseph Addison’s Whiggism’, in David Womersley (ed.), ’Cultures of Whiggism’: New Essays on English Literature and Culture in the Long Eighteenth Century (Newark: Univ. of Delaware Press, 2005). 3 . Lawrence Klein, Shaftesbury and the Culture of Politeness: Moral Discourse and Cultural Politics in Early …

Vestries [ Religious Belief ]

… of vestries in particular regional and chronological contexts.  From the 1530s and culminating in the Elizabethan poor law of 1597-1601, England’s emerging state appropriated parish infrastructure for local government purposes, including … (vol. 253, n°1, 2021), p. 151–194, and Peter Collinge and Louise Falcini (eds.), Providing for the Poor: The Old Poor Law 1750-1834 (London: University of London Press, 2022). The principal bone of contention was membership. From a … areas in church, venues included public houses, with associated hospitality costs causing further concern. At St Lawrence, Winchester, where new officers were chosen at the White Hart on 4 April 1766, expenses of over £7 included ‘ A …