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Menageries [ Sports & Leisure / Politics & Society / Social interaction ]
… the Americas, Asia and later from Australia. The exhibition of unfamiliar animals resulted into polite and satirical conversations about the trade, the cultural meaning and the social interactions of exotic animals with Londoners during … a physical proximity with tamed exotic animals was highly advertised as a social and a pleasurable practice stimulating conversation about broader cultural debates. Like the concert, the theatre , and museums, a menagerie fostered … a turtle. According to Georgian polite table etiquette, the serving of turtle soup at the beginning of the dinner was a ‘conversation starter and distraction between the first soup course and the second more substantial course’ (Plumb 73). …
Advertisement | Animals | Aristocracy | Australia | Curiosity | Exhibitions | Exoticism | Fragrance | Menageries | Travel
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Women's travel writing [ Reading & Writing / Mobility ]
Education | French Revolution | Travel | Women
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Grand Tour [ Mobility / Education ]
… dancing, which honed graceful and confident posture, gesture and deportment, and language skills, which were crucial for conversation. French in particular was the ‘lingua franca’ across the European courts and learned societies, and back in … and imperial courts, as well as encompassing highly fashionable cosmopolitan sociability, rarefied sites of enlightened conversation. 3 When in Paris in 1780, for example, George Herbert, later 11 th earl of Pembroke, bounced between …
Academies | Cosmopolitanism | Court | Diplomacy | Education | Elite | Europe | Italy | Tourism | Politeness | Travel
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Elisabeth Vigée Le Brun [ Art and Literature ]
… the point where one grows utterly weary, and yet there is nowhere to sit’ (659). Compounding her misery was the lack of conversation, both at routs and during walks in the city parks where, she described, couples strolled about like … Le Brun could not see herself in the worldly London gatherings where restraint was imposed and where she often found conversation lethargic. Yet she needed to expand her network of clients, and the community of French émigrés gathered … and needlepoint. The men read books at the other end, keeping the same silence’ (685). The ‘absolute dearth of conversation’ in the evenings weighed heavily on Vigée Le Brun. Oddly enough, she had found there were ‘plenty of …
Aristocracy | Emigration | French Revolution | Portrait | Travel | Women
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Merchant communities in European ports [ Commerce / Mobility / Trade ]
… de jeunes gens entre les grandes villes maritimes. Pour aider à acquérir ces capacités linguistiques, des manuels de conversation sont publiés. Ainsi le vocabulaire franco-flamand de Noël de Berlaimont, paru pour la première fois en 1536, …
Commerce | Correspondence | Cosmopolitanism | Europe | Merchants | Migration | Networks | Travel
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