Rechercher
Refine your search
Filtrer par mot clé
Enemies and false friends [ Antagonism & Resistance ]
… their enemies. The author cited the example of the Ancient Greek ruler Hieron of Syracruse, whose enemy smelt his stinking breath and mocked him, which led him to seek a remedy. Hieron’s close acquaintances, by contrast, had put up with … and root of enmity, of course, came in a religious context: namely with the devil, who was the literal ‘enemy of mankind’. 3 . M. Tullius Cicero, Laelius on Friendship, in Cicero : De Senectute De Amicitia De Divinatione. With an English … Harvard University Press, 1923), p. 90. 4 . M. B., The Triall of True Friendship (1596), sig. E2v. 5 . Rodney Barker, Making Enemies (Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), pp. ix, 1. In the centuries before our period, the relationship …
Antagonism | Civility | Enmity | Falsehood | Friendship | Gender | Politeness | Women
Encyclopedia
White lies, polite lies [ Reading & Writing / Communication ]
… harmlessness was doubted already long before the eighteenth century. In his De Mendacio , St Augustine condemned all kinds of lies, although he accepted that there were exceptions: he excluded ‘jocose lies’ that are self-evident and … deceive from his list of lies. White lies, however, are arguably meant to deceive, if for seemingly good reasons. These kinds of lies are encompassed in Augustine’s fifth type, that ‘which is told from a desire to please others in smooth discourse,’ and, as all kinds of lies involving deception, to be avoided, Augustine concluded. 2 1 . ‘White lie’, Oxford English Dictionnary, …
Conversation | Falsehood | Lies | Politeness
Encyclopedia
Bath (and the reinvention of spa sociability) [ Cities / Politics & Society ]
… A place of unruly, licentious behaviour in the seventeenth century, it became a centre of mixed sex sociability, ranking just behind London, as a beacon of new social interaction. A city which started as a market town 5 evolved into a … to the shaping of the nation, so much so that it exported some of the attributes of spa sociability to the rest of the kingdom and beyond, in an age nicknamed the ‘age of watering-places.’ 6 Taking the Bath waters In the eighteenth century, taking the waters did not simply mean bathing but it also involved …
Codes | Fashion | Health | Leisure | Politeness | Ritual | Spa
Encyclopedia
Laughter [ Communication ]
… periodical to the topic of laughter. He cast it as one of the defining characteristics of human experience. Humankind, he wrote, ‘is a rational animal, a tool-making animal, a cooking animal’ and, crucially, ‘a laughing animal’. The chief importance of laughter, however, was in sociability: it was …
Humour | Impoliteness | Laughter | Manners | Politeness | Taste | Wit
Encyclopedia
Portable directories [ Print culture ]
… wider issues. 2 . On the crucial exchanges between publishers and families, see Stéphane Jettot, ‘Family input in the making of London genealogical directories in the 18th century’, Genealogical Knowledge in the Making. Tools, Practices, and Evidence in Early Modern Europe, V. Bauer, F. Markus, J. Eickmeyer (eds.) (Oldenbourg-De … were very familiar to the public, they were mostly only mentioned in passing. Their commercial appeal raised several kinds of anxieties about the decline of traditional values or conversely the predatory behaviour of aristocrats, which …
Collecting | Elite | Merchants | Politeness | Rank
Encyclopedia
Conversation [ Communication / Education / Social interaction / Language & Speech ]
… Gentlemen (London: J. Hoyles, 1738), p. 90. As conversation was not just talk and ‘could function as a metonym for all kinds of social interaction’, it could be defined in a variety of ways. 3 Ideally, conversation was polite and pleasing, … echoing the ongoing desire to fashion an English politeness. Polite conversation could now be regarded as a ‘specious kind of Lies', an ‘enslavement to foreign manners’, alien to the British character, while English conversation was characterised by plain speaking and sincerity. Such critiques occasioned debates about language, masculinity and identity and fuelled the cultural …
Children | Controversy | Gentleman | Masculinity | Politeness | Science | Women
Encyclopedia
Richard Steele [ Art and Literature / Politics ]
… Hero (1701), he articulated his conviction that God had created man as a sociable animal: ‘We are fram'd for mutual Kindness, good Will and Service, and therefore our Blessed Saviour has been pleased to give us […] the Command of Loving … to glean ‘thoughts upon gallant subjects such as are proper to entertain the ladies with’, to improve his ‘manner of thinking’ and for moral reflection. 17 Habermas also saw Steele’s periodicals as helping to form the public sphere, since they helped readers to see themselves as a new kind of community, based on reason and critical discussion, thereby helping to create public opinion. 18 Even so, Mr …
Morality | Periodicals | Politeness | Print culture | Politics | Slavery | Theatre | Wit | Women
Encyclopedia
Assembly rooms [ Sports & Leisure / Associational culture / Dance, Music & Songs ]
… rooms and ensured that the rules of the rooms were followed to the letter. These figures were revered, known as ‘Kings’ and ‘Queens’ who regulated the space. 7 Richard ‘Beau’ Nash was one of these ‘Kings of Bath’ whose dictates were law. Indeed, ‘Beau’ Nash required the Duchess of Queensberry to remove her apron, which was forbidden in Nash’s assembly room rules, remarking that ‘none but Abigails appeared in white aprons [… to which] the good-natured dutchess [sic] acquiesced in his …
Assemblies | Community | Dance | Entertainement | Leisure | Music | Politeness | Women
Encyclopedia
Solitude [ Feelings & Emotions ]
Conversation | Emotions | Gender | Melancholy | Politeness | Privacy | Religion
Encyclopedia
Pagination
- Page 1
- Page suivante