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… ritual encounter and structured sociability.  Objects > Food & Drink Keywords Alcohol Celebration Conviviality Drinking Masculinity Ritual Tableware Punch was a drink made from a blend of alcohol spirit, fruit, sugar, spices and water. There … those in the lower and plebeian ranks who would drink beer. 1 1 . Karen Harvey, ‘Ritual encounters: punch parties and masculinity in the eighteenth century’, Past and Present, (no. 214, 2012), pp. 174-180. The punch bowl itself was an … several contemporary depictions of homosocial gatherings, indicates a particular association between the punch bowl and masculinity. Punch parties around a punch bowl enabled men of different ranks to join together in manly fraternity. It is …

… Practices > Education Concepts > Social interaction Concepts > Language & Speech Keywords Children Controversy Gentleman Masculinity Politeness Science Women ‘Conversation’, as developed in seventeenth-century France, was considered the … conversation was characterised by plain speaking and sincerity.  Such critiques occasioned debates about language, masculinity and identity and fuelled the cultural rivalry between the two nations. 14   13 . André Morellet, 'De la … fluency that had been the hallmark of the polite gentleman and was now a signifier of the English gentleman‘s masculinity and mental strength, indicating a profound shift in the definition of the gentleman and the national …

… also briefly sketched here. Practices > Politics & Society Keywords Antagonism Aristocracy Disorder Gentleman Honour Law Masculinity Mundanity Religion Duelling was not simply an English affair, but also a social practice indulged in and … texts of 1610, the other one being Thomas Middleton’s The Peace-Maker . These texts attacked both duels and the masculinity which they were supposed to embody, and framed the debate for the years to come. They placed duels in the … Bond, 5 vols (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1965). … Antagonism … Aristocracy … Disorder … Gentleman … Honour … Law … Masculinity … Mundanity … Religion … Duelling …

… Writing and Imaginative Geography, 1600-1830 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999). Cohen, Michèle, Fashioning Masculinity: National identity and language in the eighteenth century (London: Routledge, 1996). ____________‘The Grand … History of Education (vol. 21, n° 3, 1992), p. 241-57. ____________‘The Grand Tour: Language, National Identity and Masculinity’, Changing English 8:2 (2001), pp. 129-41. Gallagher, John, Learning languages in early modern England (Oxford University Press, 2019). Goldsmith, Sarah, Masculinity and Danger on the Eighteenth-Century Grand Tour (University of London Press, Institute of Historical …

… Boxing: A Cultural History (London: Reaktion Books, 2008). Downing, Karen, ‘The Gentleman Boxer: Boxing, Manners, and Masculinity in Eighteenth-Century England’, Men and Masculinities [2008] (vol. 12, n°3, 2010 ), p. 328-352. Gilmartin, … Cultures (1650-1850) (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2018). Whale, John, ‘Daniel Mendoza’s Contests of Identity: Masculinity, Ethnicity and Nation in Georgian Prize-fighting’, Romanticism (vol. 14, n° 3, 2008), p. 259-271. In the … Boxing: A Cultural History (London: Reaktion Books, 2008). Downing, Karen, ‘The Gentleman Boxer: Boxing, Manners, and Masculinity in Eighteenth-Century England’, Men and Masculinities [2008] (vol. 12, n°3, 2010 ), p. 328-352. Gilmartin, …

… final departure from England in 1816. Like the fop, the buck, and the flâneur, the dandy is a fashionable embodiment of masculinity. As a type or a pose, he gained currency in the nineteenth century. Young men were quick to copy Brummell’s … Further Reading Adams, James Eli, Dandies and Desert Saints: Styles of Victorian Masculinity (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995). Beerbohm, Max, 'Dandies and Dandies',   The Works of Max Beerbohm … Charles Baudelaire turned him into a mythical icon. … Adams, James Eli, Dandies and Desert Saints: Styles of Victorian Masculinity (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995). Beerbohm, Max, 'Dandies and Dandies',   The Works of Max Beerbohm …